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PACKAGING MACHINE FOR ERECTING, AND SEALING PLASTIC COATED PAPERBOARD CONTAINERS Original Filed Dec. 9, 1958 15 Sheets-Sheet 15 INVENTORS CHARLES 2.1mm; BY; HARRY B.EGLSTON W, Z6444 w, QM

United States Patent 0 ice 3,187,646 PACKAGING MACHINE FOR ERECTING AND SEALING PLASTIC COATED PAPERBOARD CQNTAINERS Charles Z. Monroe, Detroit, andHarry B. Egleston, Livonia, Mich assignors to Ex-Celi-O Corporation, Detroit, Mich a corporation of Michigan Continuation of application Ser. No. 779,229, Dec. 9, 1953, now Patent No. 3,002,328, dated Oct. 3, 1961. This application Get. 2, 1961, Ser. No. 142,299

laiins priority, application Canada Dec. 4, 1959 Ill Ciaims. (Ci. 93-441) The present invention relates to packaging machines and more particularly to an improved packaging machine for receiving cut and scored blanks of paperboardhaving a coating of thermoplastic material thereon and erecting a container from such a blank.

3,187,646 Patented June 8, 1965 for the purpose of sealing the closure members of the container. When polyethylene is employed as the thermoplastic coating, suitable precautions must be taken to avoid destroying this coating as the containers are erected Another object of the present invention is to provide a.

mechanism for fusing and sealing the polyethylene coated closure flaps of a container without destroying the integ- Thisapplication is a continuation of our copending application Serial No. 779,229, filed December 9, 1958, now Patent No. 3,002,328.

Automatic packaging machines for forming, filling and sealing containers starting with a previously cut and scored paper blank are well known in the art and have received widespread commercial use in such establishments as dairies where they find their principal function in the packaging of milk and other dairy products. Heretofore, these machines have been adapted primarily for handling paraffin impregnated paperboard containers, the type in widest commercial usage for dairy, products.

It has now been discovered that paperboard of the quality used for dairy product containers can be economically coated with heat and pressure sensitive thermoplastic substances. A thermoplastic substance to be used on containers in which dairy products are to be packaged is desirably one which is inert to the substance to be packaged, is strong and durable, is inexpensive and is easy to apply in sheet form onto the paperboard, either by a laminating process or by an extruding process. A thermoplastic coating of this sort must render the paper sheet material resistant to fluids which would be packed in a container including such acidic products as milk. One example of one thermoplastic substance which has beenfound useful for packaging dairy products is the polymer polyethylene. The paper stock to be used for forming the containers can be economically coated on both sides with a thin layer of polyethylene which is etfective in imparting the foregoing properties to the paper. A container blank can be formedfrom the coated paperboard stock in theusual manner by stamping and scoring the blanks, folding them over and, by means of a suitable side seam, providing a flattened tube which may be erected into a container in an automatic machine.

Containers produced from thethermoplastic polyethylone coated paperboard sheet material are strong, simple to erect, close and seal. The polyethylene not only protects the-contents of the containerjagainst the admission of harmful substances but also serves as a sealing medium rity of the polyethylene coating. More specifically, it is an object of the present inventionto provide a machine of the foregoing character which operates automatically and rapidly to heat the polyethylene coating on the surface of the container closures, and then fold and seal said closures together. A further object of the present invention is toprovide a machine of the above type wherein the heat sealing mechanism is instantly ready for operation and yet which, when in stand-by position, is isolated from the machine so that the parts thereof which contact the coated polyethylene containers remain at a sufliciently low temperature to avoid sticking to the melted coating of the containers.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a machine of the foregoing character for sealing the closure flaps of paperboard containers having an overall coating of a thermoplastic material which heats the closure members to a sufiiciently high temperature at one station without damaging the paperboard so that the closure members may be pressed together to form a strong, fiuidtight seal at a subsequent station.

Still another object of the present invention is to provide a machine of the foregoing type which operates automatically and efiiciently to produce a sterile, filled con- 7 dition in accordance with the high tainer of the type described, which machine occupies a minimum of space, is light in weight when compared to coating thereon which machine first heats the polyethylfor closing and tightly sealing the container. The polyethylenecoated closure flaps afford a strong and leakproof closure which remains fluidtight even under the severe handling often received by the containers.

One illustrative container of the type formed from V paperboard having a polyethylene coating thereon is described and claimed in our copending application Serial cation/the polyethylene coating-on the paperboard com S 65 No. 122,571, filed in the United States Patent -Ofiice tainers serves as a heat and pressure sensitive adhesive 7 rings wherein:

ene coating'to above its fusion point, then tucks the closure members together, and finally presses the tucked closure members having the fused polyethylene thereon with a sufficient force to eifect a liquidtight seal, so that the integrity of the film is preserved at all times. A fur ther detailed object of the present invention is to provide a mechanism which is capable of fusing the polyethylene on the surfaces of the container closure members without actually coming into'contact with said members.

Other objects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent as the following description proceeds, taken in connection with the accompanying draw- FIGURE 1 is a perspective view of a container. erecting, filling and closing machine embodying the present invention. .7

FIG. 2 is aperspective view of a sealed container'of the type contemplated for use with the present invention. I FIG. 3 is a layout view of a blank showing the inside sur fac e thereof for'use in shown in FIG. 2.

FIG. 4 is a flattened tubular blank constructed from the blank shown in FIG. 3 by the formation of a side seam.

FIG. 5 is a plan view ofa blank of the type shown in FIG. 4 engaged by a nozzle for. withdrawing it from a magazine,

FIG. 6Jis a schematic plan view of a nozzle mechanism for 'ls'quar'ing and applying a reverse bend to the blank (if the type shown in FIG. 4.

FIG. 7 is a perspective an FIG. 8 is a section view through. an illustrative blank feeding and squaring'mechanism. v

FIG. 9 'is a plan view of a mechanism for squaring and feeding a squared blank onto a mandrel for the substantial purpose of closin'gthe bottom closure elements view of a squared out tubular of the container.

FIG. 10 is a 'sectionview taken substantially in the plane of the line 10-10 of FIG. '9 and illustrating the mandrel'and bottom closure mechanisms in further detail.

FIG. 11 is an enlarged view of a mechanism for placing a squared tubular blank onto a mandrel and illustrating the mechanism in the position just subsequent to the positioning of a container on the mandrel.

FIGS. Ila-11d, inclusive, are views corresponding to FIG. 11 but showing the container in successive positions and illustrating the prebending of the container bottom closure fiaps.

FIG. j12 'is a section View taken substantially in the plsn'eor line 12l- 2o'f FIG. 11.

FIG. 13 is a view taken "substantially in the line 13-43 on FIG. 11. c

FIGS. l4, l5 and l6 are perspective views illustrating 'a progressive prebending operation for the purpose of breaking the score lines defining thebotto'm closure flaps.

FIG. '17 is an elevation view illustrating a heating mechanism for heating the bottom closure flaps of the container to melt the thermoplastic coating thereon.

' 'FIG. 18 is a View taken substantially in the plane of line 1818 of FIG. 17 and illustrating the heating tunnel in'turther detail.

FIG. l9'illustrates a mechanism for-closing the bottom closure of a container carried on'a mandrel.

FIG. 20 is an enlarged detail view ot the bottom closure plane of fingersshown'in FIG. 19.

'FIG. 21 is a section view taken substantially in the plane of line 21 210n'FIG. l9 'and'illustrating in elevation the actuating vmechanism for the bottom closing -fingers. V I

FIG. 22 is a section view taken substantially in the pla'n'eof line 2'2'22 ofFIG. 21.

FIG. 23 is a section view taken substantially in the 'plane'of line 2323of'FIG. 21.

FIG; 24. is a section View taken substantially 'in the plane of line 24 24 of FIG. 20.

FIG. 25 illustrates ani'echanism for preclosing the top closure elements of the container.

FIG. 26is a fragmentary vertical sectional view through a portion ofthe'top-preclosing rnech'anis'm'takeh substantiallyinthe'plane of the line 26-26 in 'FIG. 25.

FIG. 27 isan elevation view of ajh'eating device for heating the top closurelflaps prior to sealing.

FIG. 28 is a view-taken substantially in the plane of line 218- 28 of FIG. '27. I

FIG.: 29 is a vertical section view taken through the heating device shown inFIG. 27.

. FIG. 30 is a section view taken substantially in the plane'of; line 30-410 on FIG. 29.

. FIG. 31 is'a plan view "or a flap closing mechanism shown with a 'portion'of the machine housing broken away- FIG 32 isla vertical section taken substantiallyin the plane of line 32 -412 on 'FlG. Bland illustrating a pressure mechanism tor sealing the top closure of the containers.

3,1 eases erecting a container of the type 4% FIG. 33 is a diagrammatic view illustrating successive steps in the erecting, filling and closing of a container in the mechanism embodying the invention.

While a certain illustrative packagingmachine will be described, it should be understood that there is no intention to limit the invention to the specific form disclosed.

On the contrary, the intention is to cover all modifications,

, alternative constructions, equivalents, and uses falling within the spirit and scope of the invention as expressed in the appended claims.

Before'undertaking a detailed description of the sealing mechanism of the present invention, it may be helpful at this point to consider the features of the container which is being erected, filled and closed. In the description of this container, it will be assumed that the container is constructed of paperboard with a polyethylene coating thereon although again it should be understood that other thermoplastic sheet materials or coatings may find equal utility and application; For a more complete description of the container, reference should be made to the abovementioned copending application, Serial No. 122,571, the disclosure in which is incorporated by reference herein. i

Referring to FIG. 2 of the drawings, the container 56 there shown comprises a tubular body which is generally rectangular in cross section and provided at its base portion with a suitable bottom closure 51. The upper end of the body terminates in what will be recognized as the familiar gable topped "end closure 52 surmounted by a central laminar rib or truss 53. In the particular container shown, the top end closure has incorporated therein an extensible pouring spout 54 for use in dispensing the contents of the container.

Such containers are conventionally formed from a blank of paperboard. By means of an appropriate pattern of score lines a blank (the inner face of which is illustrated in FIG. 3) is divided into a plurality of panels and areas which are utilized for the walls and. the closure parts of the container. The body portion of the container is formed by four side panels 55 and a side seam flap 56 which is secured to the opposite side panel to form a side seam. Various rectangular and triangular panels 58-65 together comprise the foldable bottom portion indicated generally at 51 while another set of various rectangular and triangular panels' dgtil form the foldable top closure portion indicated generally at 52. The scorings in the blank dividing the various panels from one another. as well as defining fold lines which are creased when the container is erected-and the closure members are sealed are produced when the blank iscut from the initial polyethylene coated paperboard stock.

The bottornclosure 51 is formed by a pair of outer flaps '61 and '65 secured to alternate ones of the side panels '55 and a plurality of triangular flaps 58-60, @244, secured to the other side panels. These triangular flaps are infolded when the bottomclosureis formed and an appropriate tuck-in 'flap 84 on one of'the outer fiaps is inserted between the infolded triangular end panels and the opposite outer flap 65.

The top closure is designed to produce a gable topped configuration and to :this end is formed with a pair of roof panels 68, 75, which are upwardly inclined in the completed closure, betweenwhich are located inner triangularpanels '71, 78 each er which is surmounted by a pair of triangular fold back panels 70, 72 and '77, '79, respectively. One inner triangular panel 71 and its su rmounting foldback panels 76 72 later in the completed closure serve to define an extensible pouring spout '54. Each of the closure-panels are surmounted by a ribpanel 69, 73, '74, '76, 8t and ril, the outer rib panels 69 and 76 surmounting'the roof panels "68 and '75 are in turn pro vided with upwardly extending sealing panels "85, 86. A flattened tubular blank 188 is'fo'rmed by folding the blanks together and gluing the sidese'am, 'asshovvn inFIG. 4.

The improved container fabricating machineembodyremains open, it is given a reverse bend as the nozzle mechanism 91 carries the container past the squaring device 96. The squared out blank is next placed on a suitable rectangular mandrel 98 which carries it through the bottom closing steps. Prior to the placing of the open tubular container onto the mandrel 98, the blank is squared by inserting it between a pair of perpendicularly ing mechanism and may be passed to a sterilizing bath the function of which is toreduce and eliminate any bacteria which may have accumulated on the container. Subsequently, the sterilized containers pass to' a filling mechanism by which they are filled with the desired product. The filled containers then pass to a mechanism at a closing station which closes and seals the top closure of the container.

In accordance with the present invention, there is provided at the bottom closing station and at the top closing station heating means through which the closure elements are passed and which heats these elements .to a temperature sufficient to melt the polyethylene coating on them. These heating means do not actually come into contact with the container elements, and thereby do not destroy or otherwise damage the integrity of the hot film. The temperature to which the closure elements are heated is high enough so thata sufficient amount of heat is retained to keep the polyethylene film molten or at least tacky during the subsequent closing operations. The heated flaps are then closed by engagement with suitable cold metallic closing means, and finally a pressure is exerted on the closed fiaps to effect a complete seal of the closure elements and thereby of the container.

For the purpose of erecting the blank and forming the bottom closure one mechanism which has been employed is illustrated in Patent No. 2,357,535, issued September 5, 1954, on the application of C. Z. Monroe. The mechanism embodying the present invention is quite similar to the mechanism shown in this patent although it includes certain improvements embodying the present invention for the purpose of closing and sealing the plastic coated paperboard container blanks. In the container erecting, filling and sealing machine shown in the aforementioned patent, and illustrated generally in FIG. 1, the Steps in the process of producing a completed package, starting from a container blank, are briefly as follows. A blank having appropriate score lines is withdrawn froma magazine, squared out to a generally rectangular configuration and placed on a mandrel with the bottom closure portion extending outwardly from the end of a mandrel. The bottom closure is then completed. If the container is to be coated or otherwise treated, it is next passed through a treating station and then to a conveyor which carries the erected but open container through the filling and top closing stations.

Following this general procedure the plastic coated which is primarily of the character describedin US.

Patent No. 2,357,535 is made up of a plurality of nozzles 92 which project outwardly from a housing 94 to engage one panel 55 of the container blank. The nozzles 92 then disposed squaring members 99 (FIG. 8). The nozzle housing 94 forms a third side of the squaring mechanism while a gate 160 swings downwardly on top of the container to complete the squaring operation.

The mechanism of which the mandrel 98 is a part comprises a wheel-like device having a plurality of mandrels 98 extending outwardly as spokes. When a container has been squared and with the mandrel in position for re ceiving it,a mechanism engages one end of the container and pushes it onto the mandrel. The wheel then rotates to carry thiscontainer through the various bottom closing stages. 1

The mandrel mechanism, as well as most of the other mechanisms of the packing machine are operated in mechanical synchronism. To this end, the elements of the machine are operated from a main drive shaft 101 on which are located a plurality of take-off cams and gears. The nozzle and gate mechanism are driven by a suitable cam mechanism ltlZ including a plurality of cams 104 secured to an auxiliary shaft 1&5. This shaft is driven by an appropriate gear connection 1% with the main shaft In order to insert a container onto the mandrel 98 a 7 well as to give a prebend to the score lines along which retract to withdraw the container blank from the maga- I zine and the nozzle housing 94 rotates carrying the container with it. During this rotation the container blank is moved past a stop 95 (FIG, 8) and an erecting or squaring device 96 which act together to :open-the the bottom closure will be formed, there is provided a loading plate and paddle mechanism 1% (FIG. 8) which is mounted on a chain 1199 supported on the machine frame beneath the container squaring arrangement. With a mandrel 98 in position, a loading plate 119 is carried forwardly by the chain so as to engage the edge of one of the bottom closure flaps 61. Upon continued movement of the loading plate the container is pushed out of the squaring position and is guided onto the mandrel as shown in FIG. 11, 11a, 11b, 11c and 11d, When the con tainer reaches the bottom of the mandrel as determined by an appropriate stop 111, theloading plate 110 cams the bottom fiap 61 of the container inwardly to begin the initial break in the score lines. At substantially the same time, the infolded triangular end panels of the bottom closure are pressed inwardly.

to the configuration of the bottom triangular infold panels 59, 63. These wings 114 are fixed to a pair of arms 115 pivotally mounted by means of a shaft 116 on a bridge 11% which is secured to the machine frame adjacent the mandrel loading position. These arnis pivoted on the shaft 116 and in turn engaged-by a link 119 coupling the arms to-an actuating arm 121 on the piston 121 of an air motor 122. Axial movement of the piston draws on the links 119 which, acting in bell crank fashion, swing the wings 114 inwardly against the triangular infold panels 59, 63 of the container as shown somewhat schematically in FIG. 15.

For prehending the outer bottom panels 61, 65 at the same time the wings 114 are engaging the infold panels, there is provided a pair of angularly juxtaposed steeple plates or folder members 125 ontheend of a paddle 126. The paddle 126 itself is secured .to the chain 109 While the loading plate 119 is mounted thereon by means of a sliding rod 128 and ,a spring-1 29 fixed'between a collar 130 on the rod 12$and a guide memberforming apart i of the paddle and supportingthe loading plate rod128.

inwardly as shown in FIG. 11c.

When the container engages the stop 111 on the mandrel, the loading plate 110 cams the flap 61 inwardly and rides beneath it. The spring and rod mounting enables the loading plate to move relatively to the steeple plates and paddle when the container movement stops. 7 The combined operation of the loading plate 110, steeple plates 125, and wings 114 serves to prebend the score lines of the bottom closure an amount sufi icient to enable them later to be closed and sealed. The prebending operation sequence is shown in FIGS. 11a, 11b, 11c, 11d, and 14-16, results in bottom closure flaps which are easily closed by an appropriate mechanism.

More specifically, the prebending operation sequence starts when the trailing edge of the container bottom closure flap 61 is engaged by the loading plate 110 as shown in FIG. 11a. When the container hits the stop 111 on the mandre l 98 (which engages the flaps 80, 81) continued movement of the loading plate cams flap 61 inwardly as shown in FIG. 11b to start the prebending operation. The loading plate continues to dr ive, forcing the flaps 61 At the same time, the wings 114 swing inwardly against the triangular infold panels 59, 63 as shown in FIGS. 11c and 15. Further movement of the plate 110 is resisted by the container thereby compressing the spring 12?. This enables the steeple plates 126 to engage'bottom closure flaps 61 and 65 as shown in FIG. 11d thereby to complete the prebending operation. 1

Upon completion of the prebending operation, the wing air motor 122 reverses to push the links 119 which thereby swing the wings 114- out of the bottom closure and, at substantially the same time, the paddle 126 and loading plate 11% are withdrawn. The mandrel carrying the container with the bottom closure projecting outwardly then indexes to a position where thepolyethylene coating on the closure flaps is subjected to a sufficient amount of heat to cause it to melt.

In accordance with one aspect'of the present invention, means are provided for heating the bottom closure end of the container to'a suflicient temperature to fuse the polyethylene thereon and yet preserve the integrity of the polyethylene film so that it can function as an adhesive in forming the end closure. This is accomplished by a heating unit 133 defining a tunnel 134- through which the projecting bottom closure fiap members of the containers pass as the mandrels 98 on which they are carried rotate. The surfaces of the bottom closure flaps are not contacted by the heaters but rather the heat within the tunnel 134 is sufficient to fuse the polyethylene on both sides of the flat paperboard surfaces while maintaining the integrity of the film. It will be appreciated that the temperature level and thus the heat content of the paperboard container should be sufficiently high so that the paperboardlwillretain its heat over the period of time required to close and seal the bottom flaps.

'One. illustrative heating tunnel is shown in FIGS. 17 and 18 and comprises a plurality of'g'enerally U-shaped heating elements .135 the ends of which are secured to spaced bus bars 136 supported on ahousing 138. The

heating elements 135 which may comprise, for example, acontinuous coil of wire wound on a ceramic core and surrounded with a nickel steel sheath, one commercial form of which is sold under the trademark Chromolox by-Edward Weigand'Company, are electrically secured to the bus bars and are axially alignedone with the other so as to define a curved tunnel having a radius of curvature substantially equal to the radius of rotation of thecontainerflaps to be heated. in the heating tunnelclescribed, the surface temperature of the heaters is about 1600 'F., it has been noted that at a distance of about /2 inch from theheaters, the temperature is 1300 F. The tunnel is dimensioned to providea clearance of between 4 inch and /2 inch;from' the surfaces offthe container flaps.

Withthis' construction, and with a dwell time of about .9 second and a total heat-exposure time of-about 1 second I 5: it has been found that the surface temperature of theflaps is raised to somewhat in excess of 300 'F. As pointed out in the copending application describing the plastic coated containers, the temperature of the polyethylene coating inust'be raised to about 300 F. in order to fuse the coating and heat the paper sufiiciently so that the flaps retain enough heat for the subsequent pressure sealing operation. The overall lapsed time after heating before the flaps are folded and pressure is applied to seal'them together is about 1 /2 seconds.

F or directing the heat radiated by the heating elements 135 onto the container flaps, the elements 135 are surrounded by a reflector 139. This reflector is generally arcuate in shape so that it conforms to thealignment of the heating elements. To support the reflector 139 within the housing 138a plurality of rods and spacer elements 140 are provided mounted between the longitudinal vertical walls of the housing and reflector. 7

Heat lossesfrom the heating unit are kept 'to a minimum by lining the inner surfaces of the housing 138 and the outer surfaces of the reflector with a suitable insulator medium such as a refractory sheet material.

In order to reduce or eliminate warm up time in the event it is necessary to shut down the machine temporarily, it is desirable that'the heater remain hot. Under such circumstances, however, should a container be on a mandrel within the tunnel when the machine motion stops, the extreme temperatures within the tunnel will Cir ignite the paper of the container. For this reason, provision is made for "removing the heater tunnel from its position over the container and mandrel to an out of the way position. Atthe same time, to avoid excessively heating the adjacent areas of the machine, it is desirable to isolate the tunnel from the adjacent exposed metal parts of the packaging machine so as to block the radiation of heat from the heating elements. the tunnel means are provided for removing the heating unit from its position above the mandrel to a retracted position above an insulating reflector. plate 142 secured to the machine frame. The illustrative means shown in the drawings for this purpose comprises a bridge 144 which is guidably mounted on a pair of spaced rods 145 and which supports the heating unit 133 secured to the machine. The rods 145 are mounte'cLby means of spacer brackets 146, onto a support 148 secured to the sides of the machine at each side of the mandrel positions. The bridge 144 is formed with a-pair of grooves 149 having appropriate bushings 150 therein for slidably receiving the guide rods 145. a

For purposes of sliding the heating tunnel 133 back and forth on the guide rods 145, there is provided an air cylinder motor 151,-the piston 152 of which is secured to the bridge and the'cylinder 153 of which is'mounted on a cylinder support bracket154 secured'to them'achine. The pistonend is secured to -a depending bracket 155cm the bridge clevis by means of a clevis pin15'5. A similar construction 15S'is employed mounting the cylinder 153 to the cylinder supportbracket 154on-the frame.

The air cylinder motor 151 is controlled by an appropriate valve which is actuatedwhenever themotion of the mechanism stops, as will be described in further detail below. With this safety feature, whenever the machine stops, with the attendant-danger that the mandrel and container-will be' positioned within-the heating tunnel, the tunnel motor 151 is immediately energized to slide the tunnel to its inactive position over the insulating plate/1'42. The heating elements remain hot-until deliberately turned off by the :machine operator, and are thus ready for'irnmediate use without the delay involved in a warm up period. Theheating elements 135 To this end sweets After the polyethylene coating onthe bottom closure fiaps has been activated and raised to its fusion point, the mandrels index the container out of the heating tunnel and into a position where means are provided for engaging the closure flaps and folding them together as a bottom closure. The flap arrangement, as described in detail in the above mentioned copending application relating to the plastic coated container, and to FIG. 7, is such that the flaps can be folded together by bending the triangular infold panels 59, 63 inwardly with the bottom flap panels 61, 65 outermost. As these flaps are folded together, the tuck-in flap 84 on one edge of a bottom flap 61 is inserted beneath the cut edge of the other bottom flap 65. I i

One illustrative means for folding and tucking the flaps comprises a tucking finger 162 having a pair of sloping faces 163, 164, all such elements being defined in a tucking plate (FIG. 20). The face 163 engages the bottom flap 61 having the tuck-in flap 84 thereon and the other face 164 engages the outer bottom flap 65. To'

provide the necessary tucking action, the tucking finger is provided with a slot 165 for receiving the cut edge of the outer bottom fiap 65 and thereby holding it spaced from the tuck-in flap 84. These surfaces are smooth and, being relatively cool, as compared to. the temperature of the container flaps, enable the fused polyethylene to slide thereacross during the folding and tucking operation. Because a sutficient amount of heat is retained between the paperboard container and the polyethylene to maintain the latter tacky even upon contact with the cold tucking finger 162, the sealing propensities of the polyethylene are not destroyed. v

For accomplishing the folding and tucking operation when the mandrel has indexed the container with the heated flaps to folding position, means are provided for moving the tucking finger 162 into folding engagement with the container flaps. One illustrative means is shown in FIGS. 19-24 of the drawings and comprises a mechanism operatively associated between the tucking finger 162 and a cam 166 on the end of the main cam shaft 191. of the machine. Beginning at the cam end of the mechaitself. At its upper end the rack 169 is provided with a plurality of teeth 176 (FIG. 23) engageable with a pinion gear 178 supported in a housing 179 at one end. of a bridge 180 mounted between the two sides of the packaging machine and extending generally parallel to the axis of the mandrel wheel. To facilitate entry into the region of engagement between the rack and the pinion,

an appropriate cover 181 is applied to the end of the housing. v

The pinion gear 178 engaged with the vertical rack 169 is fixed at one end of a shaft 184 extending through the housing and journaled in appropriate bushings 185 mounted therein. At the opposite end of the shaft 184' there is provided a second pinion gear 186 which in turn the rack support and a collar 175 mounted on the rack engages an inclined rack 188 having secured at its opera tive end the tucking finger plate device 162. The second gear 186 and rack 188 are enclosed in a housing 189 mounted on the bridge 180 and provided with a access rack (FIG. 20). Through the aforesaidmechanism, as n in front of the mandrel.

provision of means 21, 1 for releasably locking the rails to 1% the cam 166 on the main cam shaft 101 of the machine rotates, the tucking finger 162 moves in and out in synchronism with the'machine mechanism.

When the tucking finger has folded the flaps as shown in FIGS. 19 and 20, the tucking action is completed by the indexing of the mandrel 98. This motion moves the container and its partially folded flaps away from the tucking finger and causes the outer bottom flap 65 to ride over a cam surface 1% on a mounting block or arm 198 pivotally secured to a block 199 fixed to the tucking finger rack housing 189. As the container moves off of the tucking finger, it can be seen that the tuck-in flap 84 is nested below the outer fiap as of the bottom closure As the mandrel continues to index, the container flaps secured to the cam surface arm 1% and formed with a radius equal to that of the radius of rotation of the mandrel. The rails hold the flaps together until the mandrel positions the containerin front of an appropriate pressure pad wl ich applies a sealing force to the flaps. As pointed out above, the tucking and indexing operation to position the tucked and folded bottom closure flaps in front of the pressure pad occupies a time of about 1 and /2 seconds. V p t For servicing purposes to facilitate access to containers when the mandrel stops in front of the rails 20%, the latter are adapted to be swung away from their position This is accomplished by the the machine. One iilustrative locking means comprises a leg 282 secured to the lower end of the track and having thereon a locking post with ahand knob 2%5 at one end and a locking foot 2% at the other engageable with an appropriate locking tab 26% secured to the machine. By pushing the locking post downwardly against the force of a spring 2539 and rotating the knob, the locking foot 12% engages in a corresponding recess in the tab 263.

For applying a sealing pressure to the containers there are provided two sets of pressure pads ass; 21% which can be applied simultaneously upon the bottom of two separate containers at different mandrel positions. With such an arrangement a sealing force is applied to the bottonrclosure of a single container at two successive positions (FIG. 10). These. pressure pads are coristructed and operate substantially as described in US. Patent No.'2,3'57,5 35 Briefly, each of the pressure pads being a generally rectangular metallic block which may, if

desired, be recessed to receive appropriate cooling coils, is connected to the bottom flange 212 of a cylindrical sleevelike member 2 1-1 supported for movement in a cylindrical guide 215 which is carried by a cross bridging member "216 the ends of which are rigidly connected to the side frame members of the machine.- Within the sleeve-like the plunger 218 is lowered it moves the pressure pad downwardly into contact with the container fiapsw-hich have been folded across the end of the mandrel directly below it.

Thereafter, movement of the pad is interrupted but rotation of the shaft is continued to compress a spring 222 thereby forcing the pa d against the coated paper end flaps with the desired degree of pressure. Upon the outer endof the shaft 2211 there is fixed a lever arm 22-4 the end of which is connected by means of a link 225 to a member 226 fixed upon the shaft 97 of the mandrelunit for rotation therewith. I

For actuating the pressure pads, there is fixed to the main 'cam shaft a pressure pad actuating cam 2Z9 truth a 

1. IN A MACHINE FOR ERECTING AND DEALING THE CLOSURE ELEMENTS OF CONTAINERS HAVING THERMOPLASTIC MATERIAL ON THE SURFACES THEREOF, EACH SAID CONTAINER HAVING AN END CLOSURE INCLUDING A PAIR OF OPPOSED OUTER CLOSURE FLAPS AND A PAIR OF OPPOSED INFOLDABLE TRIANGULAR PANELS, THE COMBINATION COMPRISING A MANDREL, MEANS FOR PRESENTING THE CONTAINER IN OPEN-ENDED TUBULAR FORM IN ALIGNMENT WITH SAID MANDREL, MOVABLE ABUTMENT MEANS FOR TELESCOPING SAID TUBULAR FORM CONTAINER OVER SAID MANDREL, A PAIR OF OPPOSED STEEPLE PLATES CONNECTED TO SAID MOVABLE ABUTMENT MEANS, SAID STEEPLE PLATES BEING DISPOSED FOR ENGAGEMENT WITH SAID OPPOSED CLOSURE FLAPS TO FOLD THE SAME INWARD AS AN INCIDENT TO TELESCOPING SAID CONTAINER OVER SAID MANDREL, A BRIDGE FIXED ADJACENT SAID MANDREL FOR REGISTRATION THEREWITH, A PAIR OF WINGS MOUNTED ON SAID BRIDGE FOR OSCILLATION RELATIVE TO SAID MANDREL AND DISPOSED FOR ENGAGEMENT WITH THE OPPOSED TRIANGULAR INFOLDABLE PANELS OF SAID CONTAINER IN COOPERATION WITH THE ACTION OF SAID STEEPLE PLATES, AND POWER MEANS ON SAID BRIDGE CONNECTED TO SAID WINGS AND ADAPTED TO ROCK THEM INTO ENGAGEMENT WITH SAID TRIANGULAR PANELS ALSO AS AN INCIDENT TO TELESCOPING SAID CONTAINER ON SAID MANDREL. 